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WEAPONS OF MATH DESTRUCTION - HOW BIG DATA INCREASES INEQUALITY AND THREATENS DEMOCRACY
Cathy O'Neil
- Crown publishing group
- 6 Septembre 2016
- 9780451497338
@00000327@@00000373@Longlisted for the National Book Award@00000341@@00000155@New York Times @00000373@Bestseller@00000155@@00000341@@00000341@A former Wall Street quant sounds an alarm on the mathematical models that pervade modern life -- and threaten to rip apart our social fabric@00000133@@00000341@@00000341@We live in the age of the algorithm. Increasingly, the decisions that affect our lives--where we go to school, whether we get a car loan, how much we pay for health insurance--are being made not by humans, but by mathematical models. In theory, this should lead to greater fairness: Everyone is judged according to the same rules, and bias is eliminated.@00000341@@00000341@But as Cathy O@00000065@Neil reveals in this urgent and necessary book, the opposite is true. The models being used today are opaque, unregulated, and uncontestable, even when they@00000065@re wrong. Most troubling, they reinforce discrimination: If a poor student can@00000065@t get a loan because a lending model deems him too risky (by virtue of his zip code), he@00000065@s then cut off from the kind of education that could pull him out of poverty, and a vicious spiral ensues. Models are propping up the lucky and punishing the downtrodden, creating a @00000041@ldquo;toxic cocktail for democracy.@00000041@rdquo; Welcome to the dark side of Big Data.@00000341@@00000341@Tracing the arc of a person@00000065@s life, O@00000065@Neil exposes the black box models that shape our future, both as individuals and as a society. These @00000041@ldquo;weapons of math destruction@00000041@rdquo; score teachers and students, sort r@00000046@sum@00000046@s, grant (or deny) loans, evaluate workers, target voters, set parole, and monitor our health.@00000341@@00000341@O@00000065@Neil calls on modelers to take more responsibility for their algorithms and on policy makers to regulate their use. But in the end, it@00000065@s up to us to become more savvy about the models that govern our lives. This important book empowers us to ask the tough questions, uncover the truth, and demand change.@00000341@@00000341@-- Longlist for National Book Award (Non-Fiction)@00000341@-- Goodreads, semi-finalist for the 2016 Goodreads Choice Awards (Science and Technology)@00000341@-- Kirkus, Best Books of 2016@00000341@-- @00000373@New York Times,@00000155@ 100 Notable Books of 2016 (Non-Fiction)@00000341@-- @00000373@The Guardian@00000155@, Best Books of 2016@00000341@-- WBUR's "On Point," Best Books of 2016: Staff Picks@00000341@-- Boston Globe, Best Books of 2016, Non-Fiction
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THE SHAME MACHINE - WHO PROFITS IN THE NEW AGE OF HUMILIATION
Cathy O'Neil
- Crown publishing group
- 22 Mars 2022
- 9780593443385
B>A clear-eyed warning about the increasingly destructive influence of America''s "shame industrial complex" in the age of social media and hyper-partisan politics--from the New York Times bestselling author of Weapons of Math Destruction/b>br>br>Shame is a powerful and sometimes useful tool: When we publicly shame corrupt politicians, abusive celebrities, or predatory corporations, we reinforce values of fairness and justice. But as Cathy O''Neil argues in this revelatory book, shaming has taken a new and dangerous turn. It is increasingly being weaponized--used as a way to shift responsibility for social problems from institutions to individuals. Shaming children for not being able to afford school lunches or adults for not being able to find work lets us off the hook as a society. After all, why pay higher taxes to fund programs for people who are fundamentally unworthy?br>;br>O''Neil explores the machinery behind all this shame, showing how governments, corporations, and the healthcare system capitalize on it. There are damning stories of rehab clinics, prisons, drug and diet companies, and social media platforms--all of which profit from "punching down" on the vulnerable. Woven throughout is the story of O''Neil''s own struggle with body image and her recent decision to undergo weight-loss surgery, shaking off decades of shame.br>;br>With clarity and nuance, O''Neil dissects the relationship between shame and power. Who does the system serve? Is it counter-productive to call out racists, misogynists, and vaccine skeptics? If so, when should someone be "canceled"? How do current incentive structures perpetuate the shaming cycle? And, most important, how can we all fight back?
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Grand format N.C.
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Nouvelle enquête sur l'intelligence artificielle : médecine, santé, technologies : ce qui va changer dans nos vies
Nicholas Ayache, Alain Damasio, Nicolas Revel, Yuval Noah Harari, Cathy O'Neil
- Flammarion
- Champs Actuel
- 3 Juin 2020
- 9782081510883
Elles décryptent les mammographies, observent les rétines, scrutent les cerveaux et comparent les symptômes pour prédire d'éventuelles maladies. Les IA sont entrées à l'hôpital et dans les labos, où médecins et chercheurs inventent la santé du XXIe siècle. Des prothèses aux implants en passant par les consultations en ligne et les patients numériques, ces avancées vertigineuses interrogent notre rapport au corps.
Elles réveillent le fantasme de l'homme augmenté et le désir d'immortalité des transhumanistes. Grâce à l'éclairage des plus grands experts, cette enquête dresse un état de la recherche et des dernières innovations en matière d'intelligence artificielle. Comment préserver le secret médical dans un monde ultra-connecté ? Les médecins vont-ils disparaître ? Les robots sont-ils une réponse à l'isolement ? Les machines nous privent-elles de notre libre arbitre ?
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« Ce livre est un manuel de survie pour le citoyen du XXIe siècle. » Financial Time.
Les données que nous laissons chaque jour sur Internet nourrissent des modèles mathématiques. Éducation, emploi, crédit, vie amoureuse, nos habitudes sont codées. De nombreux algorithmes ont même modélisé nos préjugés ! Ces algorithmes contrôlent de plus en plus d'aspects de notre existence sans que nous le sachions. Les fondations de notre société sont insensiblement modifiées. Et cela ne fait que commencer !
